What is a Gateway?
An ECU that connects two networks and speaks the "language" of both bus systems is called gateway.
Where is a Gateway used?
A gateway is used between two different networks like LIN and CAN as well as between to networks of the same bus system with different characteristics (e.g. CAN-CAN gateway with different baud rates). 
How does a Gateway work?
A gateway knows the language of both (or more than two) networks it is connected with. The Gateway detects information that should be routed from network 1 to network 2 and performs the routing action.

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